CodeLlama (7B, 13B, 34B, 70B)
ModelFreeMeta's CodeLlama — Llama-based model specialized for code — code-specialized
Capabilities11 decomposed
multi-size code generation with parameter-tuned inference
Medium confidenceGenerates code from natural language prompts using Transformer-based architecture with four parameter variants (7B, 13B, 34B, 70B) allowing trade-offs between inference speed and code quality. Each variant is independently optimized for different hardware constraints and latency requirements, with the 7B model targeting edge devices and 70B targeting maximum code understanding. Inference is performed via Ollama's local execution engine or cloud API, with streaming token output for real-time code generation.
Offers four independently-optimized parameter sizes (7B-70B) built on Llama 2 architecture with code-specific pretraining, allowing developers to select optimal inference speed/quality tradeoff for their hardware; distributed via Ollama's quantized GGUF format enabling local execution without cloud dependency
Faster local inference than cloud-only models (Copilot, GPT-4) with no API latency or rate limits, but lower code quality than larger proprietary models due to smaller parameter count and older training data
fill-in-the-middle code completion with prefix-suffix context
Medium confidenceImplements bidirectional code infill using a special prompt format (<PRE>{prefix}<SUF>{suffix}<MID>) that allows the model to generate code between two existing code blocks. This capability leverages the model's ability to understand both preceding and following context simultaneously, enabling inline code completion within existing functions or methods. The FIM format is natively supported across all CodeLlama variants and works through standard API endpoints.
Implements bidirectional context awareness through explicit <PRE>/<SUF>/<MID> prompt format rather than relying on left-to-right generation, enabling the model to condition on both preceding and following code simultaneously — a design choice that requires careful prompt engineering but enables more contextually-aware completions
Supports true bidirectional infill unlike some code models that only generate left-to-right, but requires manual prompt formatting and lacks IDE integration abstractions that Copilot provides natively
code-specific pretraining with llama 2 foundation
Medium confidenceBuilds on Llama 2's general-purpose Transformer architecture and applies code-specific pretraining to specialize the model for code understanding and generation. The exact composition of code-specific training data is undocumented, but the model learns code syntax, semantics, and common patterns from large-scale code repositories. The code-specialized weights are then fine-tuned into separate variants (base, instruct, python) for different use cases.
Applies code-specific pretraining on top of Llama 2's general-purpose foundation, creating a specialized model without architectural modifications — leverages Llama 2's proven Transformer design while adding code domain knowledge
Code-specialized weights provide better code understanding than base Llama 2, but without published benchmarks, actual improvement vs general-purpose models is unknown; less specialized than models trained from scratch on code-only data
instruction-tuned code discussion and explanation
Medium confidenceProvides a specialized `-instruct` variant fine-tuned on instruction-following data to enable natural language discussion about code, answering programming questions, and explaining code behavior. This variant is optimized for chat-style interactions rather than raw code generation, using instruction-tuning techniques to align model outputs with helpful, safe responses. Accessed via the `/api/chat` endpoint with multi-turn conversation support.
Separate `-instruct` variant explicitly fine-tuned for instruction-following and safe responses, rather than using a single base model with prompt engineering — allows specialized optimization for dialogue vs code generation tasks
Dedicated instruction-tuned variant provides better conversation quality than applying generic prompts to base CodeLlama, but lacks the safety training and RLHF refinement of Claude or GPT-4
python-specialized code generation with 100b token domain adaptation
Medium confidenceProvides a `codellama:python` variant fine-tuned on 100 billion tokens of Python-specific code, enabling superior Python code generation compared to the base model. This domain-adapted variant uses continued pretraining on Python code repositories to specialize the model's weights for Python syntax, idioms, and common patterns. The specialization improves both code quality and inference efficiency for Python-only use cases.
Implements domain-specific adaptation through continued pretraining on 100B tokens of Python code rather than generic instruction-tuning, creating a specialized variant optimized for Python syntax and idioms while maintaining the base model's architecture
Python-specific fine-tuning provides better Python code quality than base CodeLlama, but lacks the multi-language flexibility of GPT-4 or the extensive Python-specific training of GitHub Copilot
local-first inference with ollama runtime and quantization
Medium confidenceExecutes CodeLlama models entirely on user hardware via Ollama's quantized GGUF format, eliminating cloud API calls and enabling offline code generation. The Ollama runtime handles model loading, quantization (format unspecified but typically 4-bit or 8-bit), memory management, and inference optimization. Models are downloaded once and cached locally, with inference latency determined by local hardware rather than network round-trips or cloud queue times.
Distributes models in Ollama's quantized GGUF format enabling local execution without cloud dependency, with Ollama runtime handling memory-efficient inference and model caching — a design choice prioritizing privacy and cost over cloud-optimized latency
Complete data privacy and offline capability vs cloud models (Copilot, GPT-4), but with unpredictable latency and no performance guarantees compared to cloud services with dedicated GPU infrastructure
rest api and sdk-based model access with streaming support
Medium confidenceExposes CodeLlama inference through standardized REST API endpoints (`/api/generate` for text generation, `/api/chat` for conversation) and official SDKs (Python `ollama` library, JavaScript/TypeScript `ollama` library) with streaming token support. The API abstracts away model loading and quantization details, allowing developers to integrate code generation without understanding Ollama internals. Streaming responses enable real-time token-by-token output for UI responsiveness.
Provides both low-level REST API and high-level SDKs (Python, JavaScript) with streaming support, allowing developers to choose between direct HTTP control and language-specific abstractions — Ollama abstracts model loading/quantization complexity while maintaining API simplicity
Simpler REST API than OpenAI's (no authentication, no rate limits) and local-first by default, but lacks the production-grade features of cloud APIs (monitoring, logging, SLA guarantees, automatic scaling)
multi-language code generation with language-agnostic architecture
Medium confidenceGenerates code across multiple programming languages (Python, C++, Java, PHP, TypeScript/JavaScript, C#, Bash, and others) using a single unified Transformer model trained on polyglot code data. The model learns language-agnostic code patterns and syntax rules during pretraining, enabling it to switch between languages based on prompt context without separate language-specific models (except the Python variant). Language selection is implicit in the prompt — developers specify the target language in natural language instructions.
Single unified Transformer model trained on polyglot code data enables language switching via prompt context rather than requiring separate language-specific models — trades language-specific optimization for architectural simplicity and unified inference
Supports multiple languages in one model unlike language-specific models (Codex for Python), but with potentially lower per-language quality than specialized models; more flexible than single-language models but less optimized than GPT-4's multi-language approach
context-aware code generation with 16k token context window (7b/13b/34b variants)
Medium confidenceMaintains up to 16,000 token context window for the 7B, 13B, and 34B variants, enabling the model to condition code generation on substantial surrounding code, documentation, and conversation history. The context window allows developers to provide full function signatures, class definitions, imports, and multi-turn conversation history, improving code relevance and consistency. Context is managed by the client — developers must construct prompts that fit within the token limit.
16K token context window (vs 2K for 70B) enables substantial code and conversation context, but requires manual context management on client side — Ollama does not provide automatic context windowing or summarization abstractions
16K context adequate for most single-file code tasks, but significantly smaller than Claude's 100K+ context or GPT-4's 128K, limiting ability to work with large codebases or long conversation histories
cloud-based inference with usage-based pricing and concurrency limits
Medium confidenceExecutes CodeLlama on Ollama's cloud infrastructure with usage-based pricing metered by GPU time (not token count) and configurable concurrency limits. Three pricing tiers (Free: 1 concurrent model, Pro: 3 concurrent models at $20/mo, Max: 10 concurrent models at $100/mo) control how many simultaneous inference requests are allowed. Usage is tracked per session (5-hour reset) and per week (7-day reset), with requests exceeding concurrency limits queued or rejected.
Usage-based pricing metered by GPU time rather than tokens, with hard concurrency limits per tier — trades predictable costs for variable-load flexibility, but introduces unpredictable pricing and queue management complexity
Lower barrier to entry than local deployment (no hardware required) and simpler than managing cloud infrastructure, but less predictable costs than OpenAI's token-based pricing and less scalable than auto-scaling cloud platforms
cli-based model execution and management
Medium confidenceProvides command-line interface for downloading, running, and managing CodeLlama models via `ollama` command (e.g., `ollama run codellama`, `ollama pull codellama:70b`). The CLI abstracts model downloading, quantization, and inference, allowing developers to run code generation from the terminal without writing code. Models are cached locally after first download, and the CLI manages model lifecycle (loading, unloading, memory management).
Simple CLI interface (`ollama run codellama`) abstracts model management and inference, enabling zero-code experimentation — trades advanced features (streaming, structured output, batch processing) for ease of use
Simpler than OpenAI CLI or cloud SDKs for quick experimentation, but lacks batch processing, structured output, and advanced features needed for production integration
Capabilities are decomposed by AI analysis. Each maps to specific user intents and improves with match feedback.
Related Artifactssharing capabilities
Artifacts that share capabilities with CodeLlama (7B, 13B, 34B, 70B), ranked by overlap. Discovered automatically through the match graph.
Code Llama: Open Foundation Models for Code (Code Llama)
* ⏫ 09/2023: [RLAIF: Scaling Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback with AI Feedback (RLAIF)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.00267)
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StarCoder 2 (3B, 7B, 15B)
BigCode's StarCoder 2 — multilingual code generation model — code-specialized
Best For
- ✓developers building local-first code generation tools
- ✓teams with strict data privacy requirements
- ✓resource-constrained environments (edge devices, embedded systems)
- ✓IDE plugin developers building inline code completion features
- ✓developers integrating CodeLlama into text editors (VS Code, Vim, Neovim)
- ✓teams building code review tools that suggest missing implementations
- ✓developers building code-specific applications where general-purpose models are overkill
- ✓teams with code-heavy workloads that benefit from specialized model optimization
Known Limitations
- ⚠70B variant has severely reduced 2K token context window vs 16K for smaller variants, limiting ability to generate code for large functions or maintain conversation history
- ⚠No published benchmark scores (HumanEval, MBPP) — actual code quality vs GPT-4 or Claude unknown
- ⚠Model trained 2+ years ago — may not understand recent language features, frameworks, or libraries released after training cutoff
- ⚠Inference speed and hardware requirements not documented — latency depends entirely on user's hardware or cloud tier selection
- ⚠FIM quality depends on context window size — 70B's 2K token limit severely restricts how much prefix/suffix context can be provided
- ⚠No documentation on FIM-specific training data or how many tokens were dedicated to FIM vs standard left-to-right generation
Requirements
Input / Output
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Meta's CodeLlama — Llama-based model specialized for code — code-specialized
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