| 0 |
| Quality | 0 | 0 |
| Ecosystem | 0 | 0 |
| Match Graph | 0 | 0 |
| Pricing | Paid | Paid |
| Starting Price | $1.30e-7 per prompt token | $6.00e-7 per prompt token |
| Capabilities | 14 decomposed | 11 decomposed |
| Times Matched | 0 | 0 |
Dynamically switches between fast-inference and extended-reasoning modes during generation, allowing the model to allocate computational budget based on query complexity. The model learns to route simple queries through direct generation paths while complex reasoning tasks trigger iterative chain-of-thought processing, implemented via a learned gating mechanism that predicts reasoning necessity before token generation begins.
Unique: Implements learned gating mechanism for automatic reasoning mode selection rather than fixed routing rules or user-specified flags, enabling the model to discover optimal reasoning allocation patterns during training on diverse task distributions
vs alternatives: More efficient than standard chain-of-thought models (which always reason) and more capable than fast-only models (which never reason) by learning when reasoning is actually necessary
Generates multi-step reasoning chains with explicit intermediate steps, leveraging the 70B parameter scale to maintain coherence across long reasoning sequences. When activated, the model produces verbose step-by-step explanations with intermediate conclusions, implemented via training on synthetic reasoning datasets and reinforced through process-reward modeling to prefer logically sound intermediate steps.
Unique: Combines 70B parameter scale with process-reward modeling to maintain reasoning coherence across 10+ step chains, whereas smaller models typically degrade after 3-4 steps due to context drift and accumulated errors
vs alternatives: Produces more reliable multi-step reasoning than GPT-3.5 while being more cost-effective than GPT-4 for reasoning tasks, with explicit step visibility that proprietary models don't expose
Answers factual and reasoning-based questions by retrieving relevant knowledge and applying logical deduction. The model combines pattern matching from training data with reasoning chains to synthesize answers, particularly effective when questions require multi-step inference or combining information from multiple domains.
Unique: Combines dense knowledge from 70B parameters with learned reasoning patterns, enabling both factual recall and multi-step inference without requiring external knowledge bases for simple questions
vs alternatives: More self-contained than RAG-based systems for general knowledge questions; stronger reasoning than GPT-3.5 for complex multi-step problems
Analyzes sentiment and extracts opinions from text, classifying emotional tone and identifying specific viewpoints or attitudes. The model recognizes sentiment markers (words, phrases, context) and generates structured sentiment labels (positive/negative/neutral) with confidence scores and supporting evidence.
Unique: Uses contextual understanding from 70B parameters to recognize sentiment in complex linguistic contexts (sarcasm, negation, mixed opinions) rather than relying on keyword matching or shallow pattern recognition
vs alternatives: More nuanced than rule-based sentiment tools; comparable to fine-tuned BERT models but with better handling of complex linguistic phenomena
Identifies and extracts named entities (people, organizations, locations, dates, etc.) from text, classifying them into semantic categories. The model recognizes entity boundaries and types through learned patterns from training data, generating structured output with entity spans and classifications.
Unique: Uses contextual embeddings from 70B parameters to disambiguate entity boundaries and types based on surrounding context, rather than relying on gazetteer matching or shallow pattern recognition
vs alternatives: More accurate than spaCy NER for complex entity types; comparable to fine-tuned BERT models but with better generalization to unseen entity types
Identifies potentially harmful, inappropriate, or policy-violating content including hate speech, violence, adult content, and misinformation. The model applies learned safety patterns to classify content risk levels and flag problematic material, implemented through instruction-tuning on safety datasets and reinforcement learning from human feedback on safety preferences.
Unique: Trained on diverse safety datasets with RLHF to recognize context-dependent harms (e.g., discussing violence in historical context vs. inciting violence), rather than simple keyword matching or rule-based filtering
vs alternatives: More context-aware than keyword-based filters; comparable to OpenAI's moderation API but with lower latency and no external API dependency
Executes complex multi-part instructions with precise output formatting, using instruction-tuning techniques to reliably parse structured prompts and generate outputs matching specified schemas. The model was trained on diverse instruction datasets with explicit format specifications, enabling it to follow JSON schemas, XML structures, markdown formatting, and code block requirements with high consistency.
Unique: Instruction-tuned on 70B scale with explicit format examples in training data, enabling reliable multi-format output without requiring external grammar constraints or post-processing validation layers
vs alternatives: More reliable at format compliance than base Llama 3.1 70B while avoiding the latency overhead of constrained decoding libraries like outlines or guidance
Generates syntactically correct code across 20+ programming languages and performs refactoring tasks like optimization, style conversion, and bug fixing. Built on Llama 3.1's code training, enhanced with instruction-tuning for code-specific tasks, the model maintains language-specific idioms and best practices through learned patterns from diverse codebases.
Unique: 70B parameter scale enables context-aware code generation that tracks variable types and function signatures across 4K+ token contexts, whereas smaller models lose type information after ~1K tokens
vs alternatives: Comparable to Copilot for single-file generation but stronger at multi-file refactoring due to larger context window; more cost-effective than Claude for routine code tasks
+6 more capabilities
GLM-4.5 uses a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture to dynamically route tokens through specialized expert networks based on input characteristics, enabling efficient processing of 128k-token contexts without proportional latency increases. The MoE design allows selective expert activation per token, reducing computational overhead while maintaining reasoning depth across extended conversations and multi-document analysis tasks typical of agent-based workflows.
Unique: Mixture-of-Experts routing specifically tuned for agent workloads rather than generic dense models; expert activation patterns are optimized for tool-use sequences and multi-step reasoning rather than general language tasks
vs alternatives: Outperforms dense models like GPT-4 Turbo on agent tasks within 128k context by routing computational budget to relevant experts, reducing latency and cost vs. models that process all tokens through identical layers
GLM-4.5 implements native function calling through a schema-based registry where tools are defined as JSON schemas with parameter constraints, type validation, and description metadata. The model learns to emit structured tool invocations that map directly to function signatures, enabling deterministic tool orchestration without post-processing or regex parsing. Integration with OpenRouter's API exposes this via standard function-calling parameters compatible with OpenAI's format.
Unique: Schema-based function calling is trained directly into the model weights rather than implemented as post-hoc decoding constraints, allowing the model to learn semantic relationships between tool purposes and input context during training
vs alternatives: More reliable than constraint-based function calling (e.g., Guidance, LMQL) because tool selection is learned rather than enforced, reducing parsing failures and enabling the model to reason about tool applicability
Nous: Hermes 4 70B scores higher at 24/100 vs Z.ai: GLM 4.5 at 24/100.
Need something different?
Search the match graph →© 2026 Unfragile. Stronger through disorder.
GLM-4.5 can be used for batch inference through OpenRouter's API, enabling cost-optimized processing of large numbers of requests. Batch processing typically offers reduced pricing compared to real-time API calls and is suitable for non-urgent inference tasks. The model can process batches of prompts efficiently, with results returned after processing completes. This is valuable for agents running scheduled tasks or processing large datasets.
Unique: Batch processing is offered through OpenRouter's unified API rather than a separate batch service, enabling seamless switching between real-time and batch modes with the same client code
vs alternatives: More cost-effective than real-time API for high-volume inference; simpler than managing separate batch infrastructure because OpenRouter handles queuing and result delivery
GLM-4.5 maintains coherent conversation state across turns by encoding prior messages into a compressed representation that persists within the 128k context window. The model uses attention mechanisms to selectively retrieve relevant prior context, enabling agents to reference earlier decisions, tool results, and user preferences without explicit memory management. This is particularly effective for agent workflows where state accumulation (e.g., task progress, discovered facts) must inform subsequent actions.
Unique: Implicit memory management through attention-based context selection rather than explicit memory modules; the model learns which prior turns are relevant without separate retrieval or summarization steps
vs alternatives: More efficient than explicit memory systems (e.g., LangChain's ConversationBufferMemory) because attention is computed once during inference rather than requiring separate retrieval and summarization passes
GLM-4.5 generates code across 40+ programming languages by leveraging training data that includes diverse codebases and syntax patterns. The model understands language-specific idioms, library conventions, and structural patterns (e.g., async/await in JavaScript, type hints in Python, generics in Java) without explicit language-specific modules. Generation is context-aware, respecting indentation, existing code style, and project conventions when completing or extending code snippets.
Unique: Language-agnostic code generation trained on diverse codebases rather than language-specific fine-tuning; the model generalizes syntax patterns across languages, enabling reasonable code generation even for less common languages
vs alternatives: Broader language coverage than specialized models like Codex (which emphasizes Python/JavaScript) but lower quality on niche languages compared to language-specific models; better for polyglot teams than single-language specialists
GLM-4.5 is trained on extensive technical documentation, API references, and code examples, enabling it to understand and reason about complex technical concepts, library APIs, and system architectures. The model can parse API schemas (OpenAPI, GraphQL, Protocol Buffers), understand parameter constraints and type systems, and generate code that correctly uses APIs based on documentation. This is particularly valuable for agent workflows that must interact with external systems.
Unique: Semantic understanding of API schemas and documentation is learned from training data rather than implemented as a separate schema parser; the model reasons about API semantics holistically
vs alternatives: More flexible than code-generation-only models because it understands API semantics and can reason about correctness; better than generic LLMs for technical tasks because training includes extensive API documentation
GLM-4.5 can generate responses that explicitly show reasoning steps, enabling transparency into how conclusions were reached. When prompted with chain-of-thought patterns, the model generates intermediate reasoning steps before final answers, making it suitable for applications requiring explainability or verification. This is implemented through training on reasoning-annotated data and prompt patterns that encourage step-by-step decomposition.
Unique: Chain-of-thought reasoning is trained directly into the model rather than implemented as a decoding strategy; the model learns to generate reasoning steps as part of its core training objective
vs alternatives: More natural and coherent reasoning steps than prompt-injection approaches (e.g., appending 'think step by step') because reasoning is learned as a first-class capability
GLM-4.5 supports multiple languages (Chinese, English, and others) with training that enables cross-lingual reasoning — understanding concepts expressed in one language and reasoning about them in another. The model can translate, summarize, and reason across languages without language-specific degradation. This is particularly valuable for global applications and agents that must operate in multilingual environments.
Unique: Cross-lingual reasoning is learned from multilingual training data rather than implemented as separate language-specific models; the model develops a shared representation across languages
vs alternatives: More efficient than maintaining separate models per language because a single model handles all languages; better for cross-lingual reasoning than language-specific models because the shared representation enables concept transfer
+3 more capabilities